Voting process in Egyptian elections
CAIRO – 22 May 2025: The House of Representatives' Legislative Committee, chaired by Counselor Ibrahim El-Hunaidi, approved on Thursday a draft law submitted by Representative Abdel Hadi El-Qasabi and over ten members of parliament. The proposed legislation seeks to amend certain provisions of Law No. 46 of 2014 and Law No. 174 of 2020 regarding the division of electoral constituencies ahead of the upcoming parliamentary elections at the end of this year.
It is worth noting that Secretary-General of the House of Representatives Counselor Ahmed Manaa stated that he received Thursday a response from Executive Director of the National Elections Authority (NEA) Ahmed Bandari, stating that the NEA Board of Directors had unanimously approved the two draft laws, in its session held on May 21, 2025.
Under the current law, the House of Representatives comprises 568 elected seats, not including presidential appointees. Regarding the list-based system, there are currently two constituencies with 102 seats each, and two constituencies with 40 seats each, according to El-Qasabi. The number of seats allocated for individual candidates stands at 284.
Proposed Amendments to the House of Representatives Law
The new amendments propose that Egypt be divided into a number of constituencies designated for individual-seat elections, and four constituencies designated for list-based elections. Two constituencies will be allocated 40 seats each, and the other two will be allocated 102 seats each.
Each electoral list must include a number of candidates equal to the number of seats in the constituency, along with an equal number of substitutes.
Requirements for 40-Seat Lists:
● At least three Christian candidates
● Two workers and farmers
● Two youth candidates
● One person with a disability
● One Egyptian expatriate candidate
● At least 20 women among all candidates
Requirements for 102-Seat Lists:
● Nine Christian candidates
● Six workers and farmers
● Six youth candidates
● Three candidates with disabilities
● Three Egyptian expatriates
● At least 51 women, including those with the above qualifications or others
The list-based system may include candidates from multiple parties, independents, or a combination thereof. In all cases, the candidate’s party affiliation—or independent status—must be clearly stated on the nomination papers.
Candidates must submit their nomination documents within five days of the nomination window opening. Required documents include:
● Curriculum vitae
● Criminal record
● Academic certificates
● Military service certificate (for male candidates)
● Financial disclosures for the candidate, spouse, and children
● A deposit receipt of LE 30,000, payable to the state treasury
Proposed Amendments to the Senate Election Law
Separately, the Senate's Constitutional and Legislative Affairs Committee will also meet on Thursday to review a draft law submitted by Representative Abdel Hadi El-Qasabi and more than 10 MPs, proposing amendments to Senate Law No. 141 of 2020. The House of Representatives has referred the bill to the Senate for its opinion.
The amendments suggest dividing Egypt into 37 constituencies for individual-seat elections, and four for list-based elections. Two of the list constituencies will be allocated 13 seats each, and the other two will receive 37 seats each.
List Requirements:
● Each 13-seat list must include at least three women
● Each 37-seat list must include at least seven women
Candidates must submit the following documentation:
● Curriculum vitae, highlighting academic and professional background
● Criminal record
● Declaration of party affiliation or independent status, including party name if applicable
● Financial disclosure for the candidate, spouse, and minor children
● University degree or equivalent
● Military service certificate or legal exemption (for male candidates)
● Deposit receipt of LE 30,000, payable to the treasury of the competent court
● Any additional documents required by the National Elections Authority
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