ECB to start laying groundwork for stimulus exit

FRANKFURT - 7 September 2017: European Central Bank President Mario Draghi is set to start laying the groundwork for a cut in monetary stimulus when policymakers meet on Thursday, but a subdued outlook for inflation means he is unlikely to make any commitment yet.

A central bank source told Reuters the ECB is likely to trim its inflation forecasts while modestly upgrading growth projections.

That divergence would go to the heart of the dilemma facing Draghi as he decides whether to extend or wind down the bank’s asset purchases: euro zone economic growth is on its best run in a decade yet inflation will miss the target that forms the core of the ECB’s mandate for years to come.

Given additional concerns that strong signals could trigger market volatility and undo the bank’s plans, ECB policymakers are seen shifting their message only incrementally.

That would set the bank up for a bigger move in October or December, before its 2.3 trillion euro (2.10 trillion pounds) bond purchase scheme expires at the end of the year.

“The inflation outlook remains predictably anaemic, and if President Draghi is to be taken at his dovish word, that should imply filling up the bowl (with more stimulus),” Anatoli Annenkov, an economist at Societe Generale, said.

A relentless firming of the euro, partly a function of the euro zone’s solid economic run, is only exacerbating this division, as a strong currency puts a natural lid on export prices and ultimately inflation.

But with growth exceeding expectations, unemployment falling fast and the threat of deflation long gone, some analysts say Draghi has few reasons to maintain what is essentially an emergency set up and that the main question is just how quick the exit should be.

“Despite recent euro strength, there is no compelling economic case to keep buying at the current rate -- the macro outlook simply does not merit it,” Daiwa economist Chris Scicluna said.

The ECB announces its rate decision at 1145 GMT, followed by Draghi’s news conference at 1230 GMT.

Analysts polled by Reuters predicted no policy change on Thursday but that bond buys, now running at 60 billion euros a month, will be cut by a third in a decision later this year.

TWEAKS

For Thursday, the question is how strongly policymakers should signal a shift that is now essentially expected by all investors. The ECB also needs to decide how to address the issue of the firming euro.

Draghi is seen certain to ask the ECB’s committees to prepare policy options for the coming meetings, a signal that has in the past preceded actions.

Some also expect him to tweak the bank’s long-standing guidance on asset buys, giving up a reference to the option of raising asset purchases.

With some policymakers squeamish about such a signal, an alternative option would be to leave in the reference for increasing purchases while adding a reference to a cut, making the guidance symmetrical.

Draghi will find it difficult to avoid the issue of the euro’s firming after policymakers expressed concern in July about the risk of an overshooting euro.

“A further rise of, say, 5 percent in effective terms -- broadly equivalent to around 1.30 against the dollar and not our central case -- would probably lead the central bank to be more cautious,” BNP economist Luigi Speranza said.

But Draghi’s hands are increasingly tied as the asset buys are slowly running up against the ECB’s self-imposed rules.

Abandoning the rules would be legally difficult while including new assets in the scheme would risk sending the wrong signal, some economists argue.

“It appears that the ECB’s lone viable option is to accept the legal limits and gradually scale back the purchases next year,” Commerzbank economist Joerg Kraemer said.